Default value for maximum measurement distance is 4m, since HC-SR04 sensor can't measure reliably beyond that. However, if you are using another sensor or if you you don't care about distances larger ...

Large photovoltaic power plants often comprise tens of thousands of modules and components. Whenever individual solar modules malfunction, intact bypass diodes can contain a strong power loss in the ...

Abstract: With of the growing emphasis on refined management of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), there is a significant demand for low-cost estimation of the state of charge (SOC) at the individual LIB ...

Modern homes rely on embedded systems to automate appliances and improve energy efficiency. This project presents a fully functional smart home appliance controller built on an Arduino UNO R3 ...

Abstract: This paper proposed a self-contained IoT sensor module which includes sensor for collecting various information, micro-computer and multiple solar panels for realizing dynamic cost reduction ...